Key Insights | Addressing Urban Health Challenges in India: Shifting Focus to the Urban Poor

This paper examines the growing challenges of urban health in India, focusing on the disparities between the urban poor and non-poor populations. The study utilises multiple data sources, including the National Sample Survey (NSS), National Family Health Survey (NFHS), Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), and government health statistics, to analyse trends in health outcomes, access to services, treatment-seeking behaviour, and out-of-pocket spending on health. The analysis compares urban and rural areas, emphasising inequalities across wealth quintiles and highlighting the increasing vulnerability of urban slum dwellers.